![A vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL). (a) Schematic view in... | Download Scientific Diagram A vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL). (a) Schematic view in... | Download Scientific Diagram](https://www.researchgate.net/publication/228830469/figure/fig2/AS:267555344482377@1440801573775/A-vertical-cavity-surface-emitting-laser-VCSEL-a-Schematic-view-in-cross-section.png)
A vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL). (a) Schematic view in... | Download Scientific Diagram
![VCSEL laser (Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser) - Knowledge - Shenzhen Optico Communication Co.,Ltd. VCSEL laser (Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser) - Knowledge - Shenzhen Optico Communication Co.,Ltd.](https://www.fiberopticom.com/Content/upload/2019273007/201901251101409820996.png)
VCSEL laser (Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser) - Knowledge - Shenzhen Optico Communication Co.,Ltd.
![Metasurface-integrated vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers for programmable directional lasing emissions | Nature Nanotechnology Metasurface-integrated vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers for programmable directional lasing emissions | Nature Nanotechnology](https://media.springernature.com/full/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1038%2Fs41565-019-0611-y/MediaObjects/41565_2019_611_Fig1_HTML.png)
Metasurface-integrated vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers for programmable directional lasing emissions | Nature Nanotechnology
![The VCSEL Advantage: Increased Power, Efficiency Bring New Applications | lasers | Photonics Handbook | Photonics Marketplace The VCSEL Advantage: Increased Power, Efficiency Bring New Applications | lasers | Photonics Handbook | Photonics Marketplace](https://www.photonics.com/images/Web/Articles/2006/4/13/VCSEL_Advantage_PrincetonOptronics_Figure1.jpg)